Microplastics are everywhere, but are they harming us?

What Are Microplastics?

Microplastics are small plastic particles that result from the breakdown of larger plastic items due to environmental factors like heat and weathering. They can range in size from as large as a pencil eraser to as small as a fraction of a human hair. Nanoplastics, even smaller than microplastics, are also being studied.

Microplastics have been found in various environments and consumer products, including milk, bottled water, and foods like salt, sugar, honey, rice, and seafood. The presence of these particles in the human body has raised concerns about their potential health impacts.

Are Microplastics in Your Body?

Research indicates that microplastics are likely present in the human body, with varying levels of exposure depending on factors such as diet, location, and lifestyle. A 2019 estimate by Australian researchers suggested that individuals consume approximately 5 grams of plastic weekly from food and beverages, which highlights the scale of potential exposure.

Microplastics have been detected in almost all evaluated body tissues, including reproductive organs and placentas. This widespread presence raises questions about their possible health effects.

Will Microplastics Harm You?

The health impact of microplastics is still under investigation. A 2022 World Health Organization report found no clear evidence of harm based on current studies. However, there is concern that microplastics could contribute to health issues due to the toxic chemicals they may contain. For example, some studies suggest potential links between microplastics and rising cancer rates or cardiovascular problems.

What About PET plastic?

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a common plastic used in various applications, including beverage bottles and food containers. Unlike some other plastics, PET is known for its relative chemical stability and is considered less likely to leach harmful substances under normal conditions. These properties make PET a popular choice for food and drink packaging, as it is generally regarded as safe when used appropriately.

What Can You Do About Microplastics?

To reduce potential microplastic exposure, researchers recommend several strategies:

• Remove shoes before entering the home to avoid bringing in dust that may contain microplastics.
• Prefer home-prepared foods, especially fresh fruits and vegetables.
•  Avoid microwaving food in plastic containers.
• Use reusable stainless steel or glass water bottles instead of disposable plastic ones.

Dr. Marya Zlatnik, an obstetrician from San Francisco, acknowledges that for some individuals, particularly those with limited resources, immediate practical concerns may take precedence over microplastic exposure. “For individuals facing more pressing needs, practical advice on food storage may be less feasible,” she said.

Conclusion

While the health effects of microplastics are still being studied, the presence of these particles in various environments and consumer products highlights the need for ongoing research and precautionary measures. PET, with its favorable safety profile, continues to be a widely used material in packaging, though attention to proper use and disposal remains important.

The Associated Press Health and Science Department, supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science and Educational Media Group, remains committed to providing accurate and up-to-date information on emerging health and environmental issues.